Types of Booster Water Pumps and its Uses

9 Different types of Pressure Water Pumps available in the Market

• Centrifugal Water Pumps

Centrifugal water pumps are the most widely used water pumps. They create a centrifugal force inside using impellers rotating at high speeds, and the force thus created transports water from the inlets to the outlets. These are relatively easy to use and don't require much technical knowledge. Centrifugal water pumps come in multi, single-stage configurations and self-priming models. Multi-stage centrifugal pumps have more industrial usage than single-stage ones, which are more suited for domestic or low-pressure scenarios like irrigation or household water supply. 

• Submersible Water Pumps

Submersible water pumps are suited for locations where the pump is placed above the water source, like wells, bore wells, sewages etc. Submersible pumps are designed to operate while being completely submerged in water. These water pumps use a screw or centrifuge mechanism to move water upwards and can easily sustain high-pressure and are even for low-pressure scenarios. For high commercial buildings, multi-stage submersibles are used, whilst single-stage pumps are better suited for low-pressure household supplies or drainage. Submersible water pumps are efficient in handling a significant amount of fluid volume.

• Reciprocating Water Pumps

Reciprocating water pumps work well in high-pressure and low-flow rate scenarios, such as high-pressure cleaning or firefighting. They operate with a piston or plunger to create high pressure and move water through the outlet. Depending on the number of plungers or pistons, Reciprocating water pumps come in single, double or triplex-acting configurations. The more pistons or plungers, the higher the pressure with which water moves through the outlet. Single and double-acting water pumps are used in relatively lower-pressure situations like industrial cleaning, whilst triplex-acting pumps are used where extremely high pressure is required, like oil and gas exploration.

• Jet Water Pumps

Jet water pumps work on the principle of centrifugal pumps, creating a suction produced by a jet mechanism; this suction moves water through the outlet. They are suitable for situations requiring high flow and low pressure. Jet water pumps come in different configurations depending on the depth of the well. Shallow well jet pumps are meant for 25 feet deep sources, whilst deep well jet pumps can pull water from 25 feet up to 120 feet. They are used in domestic supplies like irrigation or watering.

• Diaphragm Water Pumps

Diaphragm water pumps, as the name suggests, use a diaphragm to create pressure. They are ideal for high-pressure applications with low liquid flow rates, like spraying or chemical transfers. They come in single and double diaphragm designs, which are used for low and high-pressure output, respectively.

• Solar Water Pumps

Solar water pumps are the most economical pressure water pumps available on the market. They are most suited for low to medium flow rate and pressure requirements like domestic water supply, livestock watering and irrigation. Solar water pumps use surface panels to power the pump and generate pressure, and the fluid is moved by photovoltaic action. They come in both submersible and surface variants.

• Rotary Water Pumps

Rotary water pumps use a gear or screw to rotate, creating pressure and moving water through the outlet. Rotary water pumps are very efficient in producing a continuous water flow at high pressure and find application in oil pumping industries. The different types of mechanisms used are-

• Gear Pumps use a combination of gears that mesh together and rotate in opposite directions, creating a vacuum that draws water inside the pump, which gets pushed out of the pump when the gears weave together.

• Screw Pumps use two screws rotating in opposite directions, moving water from the pump. Screw pumps are efficient in maintaining higher flow rates.

• Vane Pumps use vanes placed in a cylindrical chamber, and the rotational force causes water to move out. Vane pumps have less pressure than other mechanisms and will be ideal for high-flow, low-pressure situations.

• Peristaltic Pumps

Peristaltic pumps are also called roller pumps. They use a peristaltic motion to squeeze water through a flexible tube, creating a positive displacement effect. These types of pumps find application in the medical industry for pumping fluids like blood in the heart-lung machine. They are also widely used where the liquid is abrasive or corrosive, and a high level of precision is required.

• Magnetic Drive Pumps

Magnetic Drive pumps use magnets to move water. The principle of attraction and repulsion transfers power from the motor. The pumps don't require seals which makes them very efficient. The sealless design makes them perfect leak-free operations. They typically find usage in the pharmaceutical industry and chemical processing.

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