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What are the types of Batteries and their Uses?

Batteries are considered as one of the primary sources of power for our electronic gadgets since the last decade. But due to the advancement of technology, the electronic gadgets have evolved a lot. To match these gadgets, even the batteries have evolved to such an extent that today in the market there are different types of batteries.

Now, as there are so many types of batteries available in the market, it makes you pretty confused in choosing the right one. Hence, to help you out, we have brought this article in which we have included different types of batteries and for what they can be used. So, let's get started with it,

Lithium Ion Battery:

Lithium ion batteries (Li-ion) are the new type of standard portable power devices. These batteries produce the same amount of energy as the nimh battery (Nickel Metal Hydride). But, the lithium ion battery weighs only 20% to 30% as that of a nimh battery. Unlike the nimh battery and Ni-Cd battery, these batteries do not have the problems regarding the memory effects.

Also, lithium ion batteries can be recharged when they are completely drained. Hence, they come under the secondary/rechargeable category of the battery. The components used in the lithium ion battery are completely non-hazardous. But they do get ignited quickly due to which they require some special handling techniques.

  • Uses:

    Instead of using the nimh battery, most of the automobile manufacturers are using lithium ion batteries due to their low weight and high power output. The lithium ion battery is used as two wheeler battery, car battery, bike battery or motorcycle battery, cycle battery, scooty battery, electric motor battery, etc. apart from this, they are also used as mobile battery in smartphones and many other electronic devices. In recent time, lithium ion batteries are also being used in aerospace, military applications and also as solar batteries in many solar devices.

Lead Acid Battery:

Lead acid batteries are one of the most popular and highly used secondary batteries. The reason that lead acid batteries were so popular was because they would range right from a small energy capacity of just 1 Ah to as large as 12,000 Ah.

The lead acid battery comes with different voltages, different sizes and shapes, easy maintenance and low cost. Of all the secondary batteries, lead acid batteries are one of the low costing batteries along with a very good performance and have various applications.

The lead acid batteries come with a very good efficiency which ranged between 75% to 80%. Due to this, these batteries are highly suitable as energy storage devices for electric vehicles and can be even used as a tractor battery. Also, these are used as solar batteries in different types of solar systems.

  • Uses:

    Lead acid battery is majorly used in automotive industries. They are used for ignition, starting and lighting of the vehicles. They are used as auto battery like a two wheeler battery, motorcycle battery, and even as a tractor battery. Further, they are also being used in electric and hybrid vehicles. Apart from these, these are also used in emergency lighting systems, communication systems, as inverter battery, as power batteries and many other applications.

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Lithium Polymer Battery:

Lithium polymer battery is a secondary type of battery or a rechargeable battery. Lithium polymer battery is made using the same lithium ion technology. The only difference is that, in lithium polymer batteries a polymer electrolyte is used rather than a liquid electrolyte. The polymer electrolyte is made up of semisolid gel which has a very high conductivity.

The lithium polymer batteries give high specific energy when compared with other lithium battery types. These batteries are very light in weight even when compared to lithium ion batteries. Also, they are much more safe, have an excellent thermal stability and a great power density. Further, these batteries come with a better performance at low temperatures along with high capacity delivery and a limited voltage depression.

  • Uses:

    Due to their advantages over the lithium-ion battery, lithium polymer batteries are used in some of the electric vehicles, as a mobile battery in smartphones and in radio controlled aircrafts.

Alkaline Battery:

Alkaline batteries belong to the category of Primary batteries which means they cannot be recharged once they are completely drained. Alkaline batteries get their name as they have an alkaline electrolyte made of potassium hydroxide. Alkaline batteries provide the same voltage as compared to the zinc carbon batteries (zinc-chloride type). But they have a long shelf life and a high energy density.

Though there are many types of alkaline battery available, the AAA battery or triple-A battery are the best to use. AAA batteries are mainly used in low-drain electronic devices which are portable such as TV remote control, digital cameras, etc. The AAA battery is the same as a standard size dry cell battery and is also called Pencil battery or cell.

  • Uses:

    Pencil battery is a non-rechargeable type. Hence, they are used in small and portable electronic devices such as flashlights, wall-clocks, tv remote control, portable radios, digital cameras, etc.

VRLA Battery or SMF Battery:

VRLA battery (Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery) is nothing but a lead acid battery having a limited amount of electrolyte. In VRLA batteries, the electrolyte is either formed into a gel form or is made to absorb in the plate separator. The VRLA batteries are also known as the SMF battery which means Sealed Maintenance Free batteries.

The electrolyte in these batteries is captive due to which even if the case of the device is punctured there is no spilling of electrolyte. Also, these batteries do not require any additional electrolyte or water, hence the name SMF battery. Though they are said maintenance free, these batteries still require some regular functional testing and cleaning.

  • Uses:

    VRLA batteries are used in off grid power systems, for storing power in large scale, portable electrical devices and many more. VRLA batteries are also commonly used as UPS batteries. As these batteries have high discharge/charge rates, low internal resistance and low cost, they are the perfect choice for UPS batteries.

Graphene Battery:

Graphene battery is the latest emerging technology in the battery field. Graphene has many properties which can be used for developing more efficient batteries. Of all the properties of graphene, being a supercapacitor is the most useful property. Supercapacitors are just like our traditional batteries used for storing current. But, supercapacitors can discharge and charge very quickly.

Graphene batteries come with high electrode density, longer charge holding capacity and faster cycle times which improves the shelf life of a battery. These batteries are available in many forms and are also well established.

Graphene batteries are very lightweight, powerful, more durable, flexible and advanced. Graphene batteries come with a high electrical conductivity when compared to the lithium ion batteries. Due to this, these batteries can be charged very quickly. Also, heat conductance is high in these batteries which ensures cooling mechanisms so that the device operates for longer years.

  • Uses:

    Graphene batteries can be used as a mobile battery as they have high current holding capacity and fast charging ability.

Button Cell:

Button cell or a watch battery is a small battery that resembles a button and belongs to the Primary battery category. The positive end of this cell is formed by a metal can which forms the bottom body of this small battery whereas an insulated cap at the top is used as a negative end. The other variants of these cells are also called coin cells. Cr2032 Battery is the preferred type of small battery available in the market. The Cr2032 Battery can be used in various types of small electronic devices.

These button cells tend to have a slow self-discharge and also hold on their charge if they are not used for a longer duration. But once these batteries are drained they cannot be recharged again.

  • Uses:

    Button cells are widely used in small electronic devices which are mostly portable including wrist watches, pocket calculators, small electronic toys, hearing aids, etc.

Bonus Tip:

As we know now, there are many types of batteries and also numerous renowned companies which are manufacturing all these batteries. Now, choosing the right battery manufacturer is very important as you will be investing your money. To make this work easy, we have mentioned 2 of the battery manufacturers as a bonus tip. The 2 batteries are, Luminous Battery and the UTL battery (200,000 mAh battery).

The UTL battery comes with a current capacity 200,000 mAh. These batteries are reliable solar batteries and have ultra low maintenance. Also, these batteries have the ability to work when they are partially charged and also when the ambient temperature is high.

The luminous battery is mainly used in inverter batteries and in UPS systems. Luminous batteries are used as a source of power via an inverter system connected to many electronic devices likeTVs, ACs, power backup systems, etc.